Psychology - General Psychology

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As a child, Rahul was bitten by a spider and thereafter developed an intense phobia of them. His mother, in an effort to treat Rahul's phobia, eventually took him to a psychologist who gradually exposed him to spiders. After a few sessions of having nonthreatening experiences with spiders, Rahul was able to overcome his phobia. In the context of classical conditioning, this is an example of ________.

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In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. In this study, meat powder acted as a(n) ________.

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As a child, Paul was bitten by a spider and thereafter developed an intense phobia of them. In an effort to cure Paul's phobia, a psychologist gradually exposed him to spiders. After many sessions of having nonthreatening experiences with spiders, Paul's phobia was cured. This is an example of ________.

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Face validity refers to

5

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Dominique had a car accident while driving over a bridge and thereafter developed an intense phobia of driving over bridges. In an effort to cure Dominique's phobia, a psychologist gradually motivated him to drive over bridges. After many sessions of having nonthreatening experiences while driving over bridges, Dominique's phobia was cured. This is an example of ________.

6

Tracy was bitten by her neighbor's dog, and now she will not go near any household pets. This is an example of ________.

7

Which of the following studies has employed backward conditioning?

8

Catalina ate a candy bar and then went on a fast-moving ride in an amusement park. She was sick to her stomach after the ride and now, Catalina cannot eat candy bars, because they make her nauseous. In this learned association, the candy bar serves as a(n) ________ to Catalina.

9

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. If Pavlov's dogs did not salivate to a buzzer but only to a bell, then this phenomenon would be an example of ________.

10

The weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response in the absence of the pairing of unconditioned stimuli and conditioned stimuli is called ________.

11

If a conditioned response occurs only to the exact conditioned stimulus to which it was conditioned, it is known as ________.

12

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, the dogs gradually stopped salivating to the bell once they learned that the bell wasn't accompanied by meat powder. This phenomenon is an example of ________.

13

The extension of the association between the unconditioned and the conditioned stimulus to a broad array of similar stimuli is called ________.

14

In order for an association to form between them, the ________ must be paired or presented very close together in time.

15

The behavior that an organism learns to perform when presented with a conditioned stimulus is termed as a(n) ________.

16

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. When the dogs salivated only at the sound of the bell and in the absence of meat powder, salivation acted as a(n) ________.

17

Which of the following studies has employed forward conditioning?

18

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. In this study, the sound of the bell acted as a(n) ________.

19

Why are computers considered to be an oversimplified model of the mind's processing of information?

20

Forward conditioning occurs when the ________.

21

When the neutral stimulus follows the unconditioned stimulus, the process is called ________ conditioning.

22

By pairing a flashing light with a loud noise, a researcher has taught a rat to exhibit a fear response to the light, when the light is flashed amidst darkness. What is the conditioned stimulus in this study?

23

Teenagers might view "being seen as cool"-a form of peer acceptance-as desirable, and so being seen as cool becomes a(n) ________ for their smoking behavior.

24

When being photographed, Maria used to blink whenever the flash went off. Now, Maria starts blinking every time she is photographed, even before the camera's flash goes off. To Maria, the camera has become a(n) ________.

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Psychology - General Psychology

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